Prevalence of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and left ventricular diastolic dysfunction in newly diagnosed type II diabetes mellitus: an observational, cross-sectional study

Introduction: Diabetes mellitus with its micro and macro vascular complication is one of the most researched topic in diabetology, but emergence of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and left ventricular diastolic dysfunction (LVDD) as its major complications has been given due consideration recently. Several workers have studied NAFLD and LVDD in diabetes separately. Aim and Objective: In our current study we estimated the prevalence of NAFLD and LVDD in patients of type II diabetes mellitus. Materials and Methods: The study was carried out in the department of internal medicine, IGMC Shimla during July 2017 to June 2018. All patients underwent laboratory investigations, abdominal ultrasound for fatty liver and 2D Echocardiography for LVDD. Results: A total of 208 newly diagnosed type II diabetic patients were enrolled. Among these 179 (86.05%) had NAFLD on ultrasound, 107 (51.4%) had LVDD on 2D ECHO and 107 (51.44%) had metabolic syndrome. Out of 107 patients with diastolic dysfunction, 100 (93.41%) had fatty liver, which was significant statistically (p-0.002). Conclusion: It was concluded that prevalence of NAFLD and LVDD was alarmingly high in patients of type II diabetes mellitus, who had normal blood pressure (Normotensive). As NAFLD and LVDD are linked to high cardiovascular risk in diabetic patients, these patients should be screened for the same at the time of diagnosis of diabetes so that steps for cardiovascular risk modification can be taken.