Developments and dynamics of non-financial reporting in the banking sector: the impact on the Italian context

Purpose This study explores advancements in non-financial reporting (NFR) within the Italian banking sector over the past five years, assessing the influence of regulatory frameworks such as the European Taxonomy and Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). The research aims to understand how sustainability, governance and the integration of financial and non-financial data have evolved in response to regulatory and stakeholder pressures. Design/methodology/approach A multi-method approach is employed, combining bibliometric analysis of NFR literature (2018–2023) with content analysis of NFR from Italian banks. Automated content analysis using Leximancer software identifies key themes, including risk management, sustainability and corporate governance. This multi-method strategy allows for a comprehensive examination of trends and regulatory impacts on NFR practices. Findings The findings indicate significant progress in NFR, driven by evolving regulatory requirements and growing stakeholder expectations. The integration of environmental, social and governance (ESG) criteria has expanded, enhancing transparency in sustainability practices. Governance structures are increasingly central to managing non-financial risks, and external audits play a crucial role in reinforcing the credibility of NFR reports. The study also highlights the persistent challenge of standardizing reporting frameworks to ensure comparability across institutions. Originality/value This research provides a focused analysis of NFR developments within the Italian banking sector, offering insights into their implications for corporate governance and sustainability reporting. By identifying key trends and challenges, the study underscores the pivotal role of NFR in advancing sustainable development in banking. The findings contribute to the ongoing discourse on improving NFR practices and aligning them with global sustainability objectives.