Comparative Effects of Advance Organizer and SQ3R Models on Secondary School Students’ Reading Achievement in Osun State, Nigeria

The study examined the awareness and use of the Advance Organizer Model (visual and verbal forms) and the SQ3R model among senior secondary school English Language teachers. It also determined the relative effects of the models on senior secondary school students’ reading achievement in English Language and compared the effects of AOM and SQ3R models on the students’ reading achievement in English Language on the basis of school type and school location. The study employed the non-equivalent pre-test-post-test control group and descriptive survey research designs. The research involved intact SS1 classes from eight stratified public and private schools (urban and rural). These classes were randomly assigned to two experimental groups: Group A used the AOM, while Group B applied the SQ3R model. Over six weeks, students were taught reading comprehension using these models, and data were collected through a teacher questionnaire and English Language Reading Achievement Tests (ELRAT). Findings revealed that only 40% of teachers were aware of reading models, with just 18% actively using them. Statistically significant differences were found in students’ reading performance between the two instructional approaches, favouring the AOM. Additionally, a significant difference was observed between public and private school students’ outcomes, though no difference was found between students in urban and rural settings. The study concluded that the AOM is more effective in improving reading achievement across different school types and locations. It is recommended that teacher awareness and implementation of this model be promoted and supported through curriculum development. Instructional materials such as visuals, glossaries, and diagrams should be incorporated into textbooks to facilitate the use of AOM. Ultimately, the research offers valuable insights into the practical application of reading strategies and highlights the potential of the AOM to