PENINGKATAN AKTIVITAS BELAJAR MELALUI MODEL PEMBELAJARAN PROBLEM BASED LEARNING (PBL) PADA PEMBELAJARAN IPAS MATERI KERAGAMAN BUDAYA KELAS IV DI SDN MAYANGCINDE

The transformation of the Merdeka Curriculum demands the implementation of learning that maximizes student engagement, particularly in the subject of Natural and Social Sciences (IPAS). The low level of student engagement has become a fundamental issue that hinders the achievement of IPAS learning objectives on the topic of cultural diversity. This study aims to examine the effect of the Problem Based Learning (PBL) model on improving the learning engagement of fourth-grade students at SDN Mayangcinde. The research method employed is Classroom Action Research using the Kemmis and McTaggart model with 12 fourth-grade students as subjects. The implementation was carried out through two learning cycles consisting of the stages of planning, implementation, observation, and reflection. Data were collected using student learning engagement observation sheets, with percentage achievement analysis categorized as very good (70-100%), good (55-69%), fair (40-54%), and poor (0-39%). The results of the study showed a significant increase in learning engagement from 33.33% in the pre-action stage to 58.33% in cycle I and reaching 83.33% in cycle II. The PBL model proved effective in activating student participation through authentic problem-solving, collaborative learning, and independent knowledge construction. The implementation of the PBL model has contributed positively to the transformation of the learning paradigm from teacher-centered to student-centered in the context of IPAS learning in elementary schools. ABSTRAKTransformasi Kurikulum Merdeka menuntut penerapan pembelajaran yang memaksimalkan keterlibatan belajar siswa, khususnya pada mata pelajaran Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam dan Sosial (IPAS). Rendahnya keterlibatan belajar siswa menjadi masalah mendasar yang menghambat tercapainya tujuan pembelajaran IPAS pada materi keragaman budaya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji pengaruh model Problem Based Learning (PBL) terhadap peningkatan keterlibatan belajar siswa kelas IV SDN Mayangcinde. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah Penelitian Tindakan Kelas model Kemmis dan McTaggart dengan subjek penelitian 12 siswa kelas IV. Penerapan dilakukan melalui dua siklus pembelajaran dengan tahapan perencanaan, pelaksanaan, observasi, dan refleksi. Data dikumpulkan menggunakan lembar observasi keterlibatan belajar siswa dengan analisis persentase capaian berkategori sangat baik (70-100%), baik (55-69%), cukup (40-54%), dan kurang (0-39%). Hasil penelitian memperlihatkan adanya peningkatan keterlibatan belajar yang signifikan dari pratindakan 33,33% menjadi 58,33% pada siklus I dan mencapai 83,33% pada siklus II. Model PBL terbukti efektif dalam mengaktifkan partisipasi siswa melalui pemecahan masalah nyata, pembelajaran kolaboratif, dan pembentukan pengetahuan mandiri. Penerapan model PBL memberikan dampak positif terhadap transformasi paradigma pembelajaran dari teacher-centered menjadi student-centered dalam konteks pembelajaran IPAS di sekolah dasar.