Latitudinal and Biome‐Specific Declines in Ecosystem Respiration Temperature Sensitivity Under Climate Change

ABSTRACT Aim This study aims to systematically analyse global variations in ecosystem respiration (ER) and its temperature sensitivity ( S T ) from 1983 to 2100; overcome the geographical bias in traditional research; and refine global carbon models to prioritise conservation efforts for high‐sensitivity ecosystems. Location World‐wide. Time Period From 1983 to 2100. Major Taxa Studies The research examines various biomes, with specific emphasis on wetlands, savannas, and the analysis of latitudinal gradients across mid–high latitudes to understand ecosystem adaptations to temperature extremes. Methods The study integrates flux‐tower measurements, satellite remote sensing and CMIP6 climate model projections. Mixed‐effects models and Boltzmann–Arrhenius function fitting are used for ER‐ST analysis. Results Global ER generally shows an upward trend, while ER‐ S T declines due to adaptive ecosystem changes and different emission scenarios. Under SSP1–2.6, S T stabilises until 2030 before decreasing (−0.0009 eV/year), while SSP2–4.5 and SSP5–8.5 show consistent declines (−0.0003 and −0.0009 eV/year, respectively). Wetlands exhibit the highest S T (0.58 eV flux‐tower; 0.57 eV satellite), contrasting sharply with savannas (0.08 eV). Satellite‐derived data resolve spatial biases in ground networks, uncovering tropical and polar dynamics critical for carbon‐cycle accuracy. Main Conclusions The biome‐specific and latitudinal disparities challenge assumptions of uniform temperature responses, urging regionally tailored mitigation strategies. The findings underscore the necessity of integrating multi‐source data to refine global carbon models and prioritise conservation efforts for high‐sensitivity ecosystems like wetlands. This study advances predictive frameworks for climate resilience, emphasising adaptive management to stabilise carbon fluxes under warming scenarios.