Comparative Study of D-Dimer Changes in Women with Gestational Diabetes and Healthy Women after Elective Cesarean Section

Background: D-dimer levels in the blood are analyzed to diagnose conditions such as deep vein thrombosis, aortic rupture, certain types of acute headaches resulting from vascular disorders, and pulmonary embolism. D-dimer levels can also be a determining factor in the prognosis of various cancers. This study aimed to compare D-dimer changes in women with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) to those in healthy women following elective cesarean section. Methods: This study, based on the Iran ICU Registry (IICUR), collected data on women hospitalized in the women’s ICU. Data were extracted from the registry using a standardized checklist. The study method involved extracting information on women with GDM and healthy women from the registry checklist and patient clinical records, including laboratory results. All D-dimer measurements were performed using a standardized laboratory kit within the hospital and were documented in the patients’ clinical records. Results: The findings showed no significant difference in D-dimer levels on the first day after the CS. Additionally, there was a positive correlation between D-dimer levels and both advanced maternal age and higher BMI, with D-dimer levels rising as age and BMI increased among the study participants. Conclusion: Higher levels of D-dimer were detected in patients with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) compared to healthy women after cesarean delivery. These results indicate a potentially elevated risk of deep vein thrombosis (DVT) in women with GDM undergoing elective CS, underscoring the importance of targeted preventive and therapeutic measures.