A system dynamics model of the synergy between lean construction and building information modeling

Purpose The main purpose of this study is to reveal the synergy and integration between Lean applications and Building Information Modeling (BIM) tools to guide construction companies to experience higher performance in their projects and show the interaction of Lean and BIM constructs. Design/methodology/approach Due to its complex and dynamic nature, the construction industry can face challenges such as budget overruns and time delays. The industry also faces inefficient working conditions and waste due to the low adoption of technological developments and performance disclosures compared to other sectors. Lean applications aim to maximize value while reducing waste. The most important contribution of Lean implementation is to increase customer satisfaction through performance improvements and revisions in production and workplace organization. Lean tools and techniques, which have already been implemented in various sectors, have recently gained considerable attention in the construction industry. Besides the proven benefit of Lean practices, the construction industry needs other techniques to improve productivity. Findings This study reveals the categories between Lean applications and BIM tools and examines the aspects of these in detail. To better reflect the relationship between Lean and BIM, a questionnaire was designed and administered to construction professionals. Based on the questionnaire results, a system dynamics model of Lean and BIM interaction was revealed. The relations were further discussed over the model accordingly. The model proves that performance increases are observed at the early stages of Lean, whereas it takes considerable time for BIM to result in performance improvements. The study further revealed that both Lean and BIM positively contribute to the project’s success. Originality/value The number of studies investigating the synergy between Lean and BIM is limited and there is not yet a comprehensive model investigating this relationship. The lack of research in terms of investigating Lean/BIM synergy and its interaction with project success makes this study novel in the fact that it analyzes these relations on a well-established dynamic systems model.