Evaluating Cost Disparities and Utilization of Shoulder Arthroscopy: A National Analysis of Racial, Ethnic, and Socioeconomic Determinants

There are well-defined disparities in the use of orthopaedic surgery among different patient populations in the United States. Differences in utilization rates, costs incurred, and patient-reported outcomes of shoulder arthroscopy mirror those of hip and knee arthroscopy. These trends continue to worsen and may reflect the changing landscape of healthcare delivery. These trends must be closely analyzed to help define their effect on the disparities experienced by disadvantaged populations in the United States.