Mutagenesis Study to Unleash the Genetic Potential of Guava cv Allahabad Safeda through Irradiation of Seeds by EMS and Gamma Rays

In the current investigation, guava cv Allahabad Safeda seeds underwent irradiation using varying concentrations of EMS (1% to 2%) and different doses of gamma rays (0.15 to 0.25 k Gy). The objective was to assess the impact on germination, as well as morphological and physiological parameters of the mutants, in comparison to the control group. Results indicated a negative correlation between seed germination and growth parameters (such as plant height, internodal length, leaf number, and leaf dimensions) with both gamma irradiation and EMS. The number of branches exhibited a significant increase up to a certain dosage, after which it decreased with higher concentrations of mutagens. Stomatal frequency, chlorophyll content, and trichome count on both the abaxial and adaxial surfaces of mutants decreased with an elevated dosage or concentration of mutagens. These findings offer valuable insights for initiating guava mutagenesis efforts. Moreover, they provide potential morphological and physiological markers for the early identification of favorable mutants.