Skyhook-Based Techniques for Vehicle Suspension Control: A Review of the State of the Art

Automotive suspension systems are key to improving ride comfort and handling stability. Over the past decades, active and semi-active suspensions have become a focal point in automotive engineering and have been widely adopted in the industry. Skyhook-based control and its related methodologies, as a mature and viable solution, have been extensively implemented in vehicles. Despite the large number of research papers available on this topic, there remains a lack of comprehensive and up-to-date surveys in the literature that compare various Skyhook-based suspension control systems and their effectiveness. To bridge this gap, this paper systematically reviews the research progress in active and semi-active suspension controllers based on Skyhook principles over recent decades. Representative methods within major control rules are reported, and their characteristics, along with critical performance metrics, are critically analyzed. This paper also explores the development trends of Skyhook-based control.