Utilizing Physics-Informed AI Models in Optimizing ESP Performance in a Mature Waterflood Asset

Cerro Dragón is an oilfield operated by Pan American Energy and it is one of the most prolific hydrocarbon assets in Argentina. It is located in the Golfo San Jorge Basin, in the province of Chubut, spanning an area of approximately 3,500 km2. The field has been in production since the 1950s and remains a cornerstone of the company's upstream portfolio due to its scale, infrastructure, and long production history. The Golfo San Jorge Basin possesses a complex stratigraphy and multilayer production intervals. Cerro Dragón, specifically, has over 100 producing reservoirs, with varying fluid properties and depletion mechanisms. These geological characteristics have demanded a diverse and adaptive artificial lift strategy to ensure sustained production and reservoir management. As of 2025, Cerro Dragón produces: Fluid production: 274.000m3/d Oil production: 12.300 m3/d Gas production: 5.500 Mm3/d