Effect of Operating Parameters on the Kinetics of Dephosphorization in a 250 t Converter with Single‐Flow Postcombustion Oxygen Lance

A coupled volume of fluid–discrete phase model (DPM) model is used to simulate the single‐flow postcombustion oxygen lance gas–metal interaction behavior and dephosphorization behavior in a 250 t converter. The effects of different lance heights and operating pressures on the molten pool flow rate, phosphorus content, and endpoint phosphorus content are investigated, while the influence of phosphorus distribution ratios on the dephosphorization rate is also analyzed. The results show that as the lance height increases, the droplet fraction (percentage of droplets relative to the liquid steel mass) decreases, the average velocity of the steel surface increases, the dead zone area first increases and then decreases, and the dephosphorization rate gradually declines. When the operating pressure increases from 0.8 to 1.1 MPa, surface fluctuations intensify, more droplets are splashed, and the dephosphorization rate increases from 61.9% to 81.0%. For phosphorus distribution ratios of 40, 80, 120, and 160, the dephosphorization rates are 48.5%, 60.7%, 69.2%, and 75.1%, respectively. Industrial tests on a 250 t converter using a single‐flow postcombustion oxygen lance show that the higher the total iron and CaO content in the slag, the higher the phosphorus distribution ratio; the dephosphorization rate gradually increases with the gradual increase of the phosphorus distribution ratio.