The global burden of chronic kidney disease attributable to high sodium intake: a comprehensive analysis of trends from 1990 to 2021 and burden prediction to 2040
The global CKD burden attributable to high sodium intake has escalated dramatically over three decades, driven by aging populations, dietary shifts, and regional disparities. Urgent, targeted interventions-such as sodium reduction policies, gender-specific health strategies, and enhanced healthcare access-are critical to curbing this trend, particularly in high-risk demographics and high-income regions.
Authors
- Kaili Lin (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1900-9641)
- Rumeng Zheng
- Hongjing Li (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0009-0006-8712-4808)
- Kun Zhang (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2317-1705)
- Liping Liu (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9129-7107)
- Lei Wang (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9522-3623)
- Sheng Li (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0705-5421)
- Yawen Lu (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0407-8548)
- Yang Hu (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0009-0003-9218-8855)
- Jianfeng Ma (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1679-5800)
- Yongfeng Wang (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1943-3298)
Institutions
- Lanzhou University of Technology (CN)
- Yanan University Affiliated Hospital (CN)
- Gansu Provincial Hospital (CN)
- Ningxia Medical University (CN)
- First Hospital of Lanzhou University (CN)
- Lanzhou University (CN)
Publication Details
- Journal
- Frontiers in Nephrology
- Published
- 2025-08-18
- DOI
- https://doi.org/10.3389/fneph.2025.1630867
- Primary Topic
- Sodium Intake and Health
- Type
- article
- Field-Weighted Citation Impact
- 0.00
Funders
- Lanzhou University
- Natural Science Foundation of Gansu Province