Uncommon Presentation of Mastocytosis: Focus on the Xanthelasmoid Variant

Xanthelasmoid mastocytosis (XM) is a rare form of diffuse cutaneous mastocytosis whose clinical presentation may resemble multiple juvenile xanthogranulomas. We report the case of a two-year-old child who presented with multiple yellowish papules and nodules, with a firm to elastic consistency, symmetrically distributed over the face, the base of the neck, trunk, and limbs. Dermoscopy and histology confirmed the diagnosis of XM. The patient was successfully treated with H1-antihistamines and high-potency topical corticosteroids. This case highlights the importance of considering XM as a rare variant of diffuse cutaneous mastocytosis that may be confused with multiple juvenile xanthogranulomas.