SARS COV-2, crossing its respiratory borders

COVID-19 as a respiratory virus caused in excess of 7 million deaths.But a greater burden of illness comes from the extra-pulmonary manifestations.The disease was associated with thromboembolic, cerebrovascular, cardiovascular, autoimmune disease complications as well as the poorly understood long Covid or post-acute sequelae of covid (PASC).After an infection, children and adults, including pregnant women, are at a higher risk of developing diabetes mellitus with hazard ratios of 1.1-1.6;adults are at a higher risk of stroke at 2.6 percent more; new onset risk of dementia or neurodegenerative diseases increases in recovered patients, with cognitive impairment in 65 percent of patients >65 years of age; long covid strikes at about 6-7 percent of adults and 1 percent of children.And these risks persist and reoccur as individuals are repeatedly infected.Preventive measures are still effective in reducing Covid infection risks.Nonpharmaceutical measures such as mask, safe distancing, and adequate ventilation work hand in hand with vaccinations to reduce potential infection and hence complications.