Crystallization Control via Sulfonic Zwitterions for Inverted CsPbI<sub>3</sub> Perovskite Solar Cells with Efficiency over 22%
The inverted inorganic CsPbI3 perovskite solar cells (pero-SCs) show lower efficiency compared to the organic–inorganic hybrid pero-SCs, mainly due to its wide bandgap and poor fill factor (FF). Here, by doping a multifunctional additive, 4-(1,3,5-Triaza-7-phosphaadamantan-1-ium-1-yl)butane-1-sulfonate (PTABS), the compact perovskite film forms and grows into large grains during thermal annealing through the ripening process. Moreover, the evaporation of DMAI is accelerated owing to the hydrogen bond formed between DMAI and PTABS, which limits the invasion of moisture during annealing. After the evaporation of DMAI, the remaining PTABS coordinates with the Pb2+ ions and reduces the defects. Consequently, a high FF of 86.17% is reached, and the power conversion efficiency of the inverted CsPbI3 pero-SCs is improved to 22.09%. The stability is also improved, owing to the decreasing defects. This work emphasizes the significance of controlling the crystallization process in improving the efficiency of inorganic CsPbI3 pero-SCs.
Authors
- Senyao Wang (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8139-558X)
- Shiyu Zhuang
- Lei Meng (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2775-362X)
- Siguang Li (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1740-2060)
- Yuan Meng (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5409-5610)
- Minghua Li (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7924-3424)
- Yongfang Li (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2565-2748)
- Yiyang Wang (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2258-0992)
- Yufei Gong (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8637-3689)
- Xin Jiang (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5489-2436)
- Ruihan Wu (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5398-546X)
- Shucheng Qin (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2506-4280)
- Tianwei Zou
- Zhe Liu (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2450-5451)
Institutions
- Chinese Academy of Sciences (CN)
- Integrated Optoelectronics (Norway) (NO)
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (CN)
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (CN)
Publication Details
- Journal
- ACS Applied Energy Materials
- Published
- 2025-08-18
- DOI
- https://doi.org/10.1021/acsaem.5c02131
- Citations
- 4
- Primary Topic
- Perovskite Materials and Applications
- Type
- article
- Field-Weighted Citation Impact
- 2.92
Funders
- National Natural Science Foundation of China
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- National Key Research and Development Program of China