A study of green logistics practice in Vietnam – the roles of intellectual capital and digital transformation

Purpose The study examines factors influencing green logistics practices (GLP) in Vietnamese industrial companies, focusing on green intellectual capital (GIC) and digital transformation (DX) and their impact on operational and environmental performance in Vietnam’s growing industrial sector. Design/methodology/approach The research uses a quantitative approach, surveying 207 manufacturing enterprises in Vietnam. A two-phase analysis includes exploratory factor analysis (EFA) for construct validity and reliability, followed by partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) to test hypotheses and evaluate the model. Findings External pressures from customers and regulations have little impact on green logistics in Vietnam’s manufacturing companies. However, internal factors like GIC and DX positively influence GLP implementation and enhance environmental and operational performance. Research limitations/implications The study primarily focuses on small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) in northern Vietnam, which may limit the generalizability of the findings to larger firms or other regions. Originality/value This research addresses a gap by exploring the interplay between GIC and DX in implementing GLP in Vietnamese industries. It provides empirical evidence that can inform both academic research and practical strategies for sustainable development in emerging economies.