Third branchial cleft cyst with pyriform sinus fistula; case report

Branchial cleft anomalies are rare congenital malformations resulting from incomplete development of the branchial arches during embryogenesis. These anomalies, including branchial cysts, sinuses, and fistulas, are classified based on their embryological origins. Third and fourth branchial cleft cysts are exceedingly rare, and their coexistence with pyriform sinus fistula is even more rarely documented. This case report explores a 4-year-old female with a left-sided branchial cleft cyst with pyriform sinus fistula, presenting a unique diagnostic and surgical challenge.