Effects of 10 Weeks Classical Chinese Dance Training on Flexibility, Balance and Muscle Strength of the Elderly

Abstract Purpose This study aimed to explore the effectiveness of Classical Chinese Dance as a sports intervention for enhancing the physical capabilities of older adults. Methods Twenty-four participants were divided into experimental group ( N = 12, age 69.0 ± 1.5 years, body mass index [BMI] 22.2 ± 0.6 kg/m 2 ) and control group ( N = 12, age 69.1 ± 1.8 years, BMI 23.5 ± 0.8 kg/m 2 ). The Classical Chinese Dance intervention lasted for 10 weeks, with 90 min per class twice a week. Two-way analysis of variance was used to assess the effect of the training intervention on flexibility, balance, and muscle strength in the experimental and control groups. Results The experimental group (EG) significantly outperformed the control group (CG) in the Biceps Curl Test at both time points (EG Pre-test: 26.8 ± 4.8(t), Post-test: 30.5 ± 5.0(t); CG Pre-test: 20.8 ± 4.3(t), Post-test: 22.8 ± 6.4(t), p <.01) and in the Chair Sit-and-Reach Test at post-test ( p =.017). EG showed significant within-group improvements in upper-body strength, cardiorespiratory endurance, and agility, while CG declined in static balance (Pre-test: 0.9 ± 0.6, Post-test: 2.4 ± 2.5, p =.008) and agility (Pre-test: 4.9 ± 1.2, Post-test: 4.4 ± 1.3, p <.001). No significant changes were observed in Chair Stand or Grip Strength across the groups or times. Conclusion Classical Chinese Dance significantly enhances functional fitness in older adults, and barre training provides unique benefits for upper limb strength. Its adaptable intensity underscores its potential as an effective and accessible intervention for older adults.