Power control method for electrolytic hydrogen production load based on load characteristic modeling

Abstract With the increasing integration of high-proportion renewable energy sources that exacerbate grid volatility, using flexible load resources to enhance power system stability has become a critical challenge. Electrolytic Hydrogen Production (EHP) loads, which are characterized by high power capacity and rapid adjustment capabilities, demonstrate significant frequency regulation potential. However, existing research does not explore refined modeling and control methods for EHP loads. To address this issue, this study proposes a power control method for EHP loads based on load characteristic modeling. Firstly, by analyzing the voltage characteristics of the electrolyzers, a mathematical model incorporating reversible voltage, ohmic voltage, and activation voltage was established, and a strong coupling relationship between power and current was derived. The nonlinear model is further simplified into a linear equivalent circuit to reduce the control complexity. Based on this, a constant-current control strategy using a BUCK converter was designed to achieve a rapid power response through electrolyzer current regulation. The experimental results indicate that this method balances control precision and dynamic performance, providing novel technical support for power balance and frequency stability in renewable energy grids.