Gender Perspective: Challenges and Opportunities in Diverse Tourism Setting

The tourism industry continues to expand as a powerful catalyst for cultural exchange and economic development. However, disparities in travel experiences particularly those influenced by gender identity and cultural background remain underexplored. This qualitative study investigates the challenges and opportunities encountered by LGBTQ+ travelers in diverse tourism contexts, with a focus on Santiago City, Philippines. Anchored in Sustainable Development Goals 5 (Gender Equality), 10 (Reduced Inequalities), and 16 (Peace, Justice, and Strong Institutions), the research explores how stereotypes, safety concerns, and social norms affect the inclusivity and accessibility of tourism experiences. Using purposive sampling, data were collected from 15 LGBTQ+ individuals through in-depth interviews guided by an instrument focused on gender-related challenges, opportunities, and personal insights. Thematic analysis, supported by NVivo software, was employed to identify patterns in participant experiences and perceptions. The findings reveal that LGBTQ+ travelers often face discrimination, safety risks, and cultural insensitivities, which hinder their full participation in tourism. Despite these barriers, the study also identified spaces for empowerment, such as inclusive policies, supportive community networks, and awareness initiatives. The study concludes that a more inclusive tourism industry requires proactive strategies, including gender-sensitive education, anti-discrimination policies, stakeholder collaboration, and legislative support such as the passage of the SOGIE Equality Bill. By recognizing the diverse experiences of travelers, particularly those from marginalized communities, tourism stakeholders can foster a safer, more equitable, and culturally responsive environment. This research contributes valuable insights to both academic discourse and practical tourism planning, promoting a more just and inclusive tourism sector aligned with global development goals.