451. REVEALING NOVEL BIOMARKERS AND THERAPEUTIC TARGETS GENE IN SCHIZOPHRENIA A BIOINFORMATIC STUDY THROUGH PROTEIN-PROTEIN INTERACTION NETWORK ANALYSIS

Abstract Background Schizophrenia is one of the psychiatric disorders which has a limitation in their treatment until today. There are some limitations such as partial effectiveness, untreated negative and cognitive symptoms, side effects, and low recovery rate. This poses challenges due to the limited targeted therapies and treatment options, resulting in substantial healthcare costs and a significant burden of diseases. Therefore, Identifying novel biomarkers and therapeutic targets is crucial for improving the management and treatment of schizophrenia. Aims & Objectives Identifying crucial genes related to Schizophrenia, which can be considered as biomarker and therapeutic target candidates through PPI network analysis. Method The genes related to Schizophrenia were extracted from the STRING database and sent to Cytoscape 3.10.2 version. The protein-protein interaction (PPI) network was constructed and analyzed by Network analyzer plug-in to sort genes degree, value, betweenness, and centrality to determine the hub-bottlenecks. The central node was then determined. The ClueGo plug-in is used to enrich the central nodes for biological terms, and an action map was illustrated by the CluePedia plug-in. Eventually, the crucial genes for Schizophrenia were introduced. Results A total of 27 genes were extracted from the database. All of them were included in the PPI network which formed the main connected component. Among all the genes, 11 genes were determined as hub-bottlenecks based on both closeness, centrality and stress value. Action map analysis revealed there were 6 out of 11 genes involved, and 2 out of 6 genes were detected having no inhibition nor activation network with others, thus we exclude them. Finally, 10 crucial genes for schizophrenia were detected. Discussion & Conclusions A total of 4 genes are associated with pathways that show potential as new biomarkers and drug targets for schizophrenia. This could lead to new treatments for schizophrenia which is currently limited by its effectiveness and untreated symptoms such as memory problems caused by cognitive symptoms, and apathy caused by negative symptoms. This research still needs to be developed for better and safer treatments.