Weakening the synergistic strength of cavitation bubbles and wall particles

The synergistic effect between cavitation bubbles and particles involves various fields. Investigating this mechanism not only aids in the prevention of wall erosion but also enhances its applicability in areas such as surface cleaning and chemical engineering. The current research mainly focuses on the study of single cavitation bubbles and single particles. However, these research results have limitations when explaining the particle issues under the influence of multiple cavitation bubbles. Therefore, this study conducted experimental research on the particle behavior under the action of double cavitation bubbles and three cavitation bubbles and found that cavitation bubbles and particles exhibit three dynamic behaviors. Based on the energy differences produced by each behavior on the wall surface and the transformation rules of dynamic behaviors, the weakening mechanism of the wall impact energy under each particle size was proposed. For large particles, the weakening mechanism is triggered only when the combined values of the parameters between cavitation bubbles and those between cavitation bubbles and particles exceed 1. All three cavitation bubbles exhibit mode 3 and the weakening mechanism is influenced by the relative magnitudes of the inter-bubble parameters. For medium particles, when the parameters between cavitation bubbles and particles are less than 1, the presence of three cavitation bubbles is a necessary condition for weakening the wall impact energy. When the parameters exceed 1, a single cavitation bubble produces the weakest impact energy. For small particles, neither the number of cavitation bubbles nor the characteristic parameters significantly weaken the wall impact energy.