Enhancing spatial efficiency of tourism-oriented traditional villages in urban fringe areas based on urban network analysis

With the progress of urbanization, some traditional villages in urban fringe areas are transitioning into tourism-oriented destinations during tourism development yet face challenges such as idle public spaces. This case study of Qingyun Village in Ningbo, China, employed the Urban Network Analysis (UNA) to measure spatial networks using the gravity and straightness indices. By collecting and analyzing tourist flow data in public spaces, the relationships between spatial accessibility and tourist activity patterns were revealed. Accordingly, the coupling mechanisms were explored by the grid analysis, whereas optimization strategies for improving the efficiency of public spaces in urban-fringe villages within the context of rural tourism development were put forward.