A Model-Driven Multi-UAV Spectrum Map Fast Fusion Method for Strongly Correlated Data Environments

Spectrum map fusion has emerged as an effective technique to enhance the accuracy of spectrum map construction. However, many existing fusion methods fail to address the strong correlation between spectrum data, resulting in sub-optimal performance. In this paper, we propose a new multi-unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) spectrum map fusion method based on differential ridge regression. We first construct spectrum maps of UAVs by using differential features of spectrum data. Next, we present a spectrum map fusion model by leveraging the spatial distribution characteristic of spectrum data. To reduce the sensitivity of the fusion model to the strongly correlated data, a new map fusion regularization term is designed, which introduces l2-norm to constrain the fusion regularization parameters and compress the ridge regression coefficient sizes. As a result, accurate spectrum maps can be constructed for the environments with highly correlated spectrum data. We then formulate a model-driven solution to the spectrum map fusion problem and derive its lower bound. By combining the propagation characteristics of the spectrum signal with the developed Lagrange duality, we can guarantee the convergence of map fusion processing while enhancing the convergence rate. Finally, we propose an accelerated maximally split alternating directions method of multipliers (AMS-ADMM) to reduce the computational complexity of spectrum map construction. Simulation results demonstrate that our proposed method can effectively eliminate external noise interference and outliers, and achieve an accuracy improvement of more than 27% compared to state-of-the-art fusion methods in spectrum map construction with low complexity.