Aerodynamic characteristics of circulation control airfoils with Magnus rotating cylinder

In the aerodynamic performance optimization for aircraft, although both the Magnus effect and the Coanda effect have demonstrated significant potential increasing lift, reducing drag, and enabling flow control, the complex flow mechanisms arising from their coupled application remain insufficiently explored, which to some extent limits their engineering implementation. Major challenges in active flow control include structural vibrations and additional energy consumption induced by the Magnus effect, as well as uncertainties in flow separation and attachment behavior of the Coanda jet under varying conditions. To address these issues, the study proposes an innovative configuration that integrates a rotating trailing-edge cylinder with internal jet blowing to combine both effects within a single airfoil structure. Utilizing a unified numerical modeling approach, the research systematically investigates the influence of different jet momentum coefficients (Cµ) and freestream Mach numbers (Ma) on the aerodynamic characteristics and coupled control performance of the airfoil. The results reveal that at moderate jet intensities (Cµ = 0.075), an optimal lift-to-drag ratio can be achieved under limited energy consumption, while higher Ma values, despite reducing aerodynamic efficiency, significantly suppress aerodynamic load oscillations, contributing to improved flight stability. By establishing an evaluation framework focusing on both aerodynamic performance and energy consumption, this study identifies two factors influencing the effectiveness of coupled control, thereby filling a gap in the research on Magnus–Coanda coupled control performance and providing a theoretical foundation for the engineering application of active flow control systems under multi-condition cases.