Analysis of game situations in the 3-point shot in women's basketball - A case study

This study analyzes the characteristics of three-point shooting in women’s basketball using a cluster-based approach. A total of 174 three-point shots were analyzed from six games played by a Liga Femenina Challenge team during the 2021/2022 season. Observational methodology was employed to define and record situational and technical-tactical variables. A descriptive analysis and k-means cluster analysis were conducted to classify the shots based on the study variables, considering factors such as opposition quality, match status, and defensive pressure. The results identified five clusters reflecting different game contexts and situational demands. Shots taken under scoreboard advantage and lower defensive pressure demonstrated higher success rates. Perimeter players achieved better efficiency in games won, while post players had a lower impact. Greater accuracy was observed in home games, during the first half, and in the final minutes. The analysis also highlighted that a higher number of passes and ball reversal improved shooting efficiency. Defensive pressure proved to be a critical factor, with better performance observed in shots made without direct opposition. This study underscores the influence of contextual and tactical factors on three-point shooting success, providing practical insights for designing specific training sessions aimed at optimizing offensive performance in women’s basketball.