Association between magnesium depletion score and atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease: Findings from NHANES 2005 to 2018

Magnesium deficiency plays a role in the onset and progression of cardiovascular disorders (CVD), and early detection of magnesium deficiency in the body is crucial. Magnesium depletion score (MDS) is a more precise measurement to evaluate the magnesium status of the body. Atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) is the primary cause of death from CVD, and the correlation between MDS and the prevalence of ASCVD remains unclear. This study aims to analyze the cross-sectional relationship of MDS with ASCVD. This investigation included 26,767 participants from National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, and 2624 belonged to the ASCVD group. MDS was calculated and separated into 3 cohorts (low, 0-1; medium, 2; high, 3-5). The association between MDS and ASCVD was evaluated using weighted logistic regression, subgroup analysis, and sensitivity analysis. ASCVD prevalence in America was significantly correlated with MDS, according to logistic regression analysis. The prevalence of ASCVD increased by 15% (odds ratio, 1.15; 95% confidence interval, 1.05-1.27) for every unit rise in MDS. Participants with high MDS demonstrated a significantly higher prevalence of ASCVD. This was observed in individuals with high MDS compared to those with low MDS (odds ratio, 1.43; 95% confidence interval, 1.12-1.82), with a significant trend between groups with different levels of MDS (P < .001). The results remained robust and consistent in the analysis of subgroups and sensitivity. MDS is an vital risk factor for the prevalence of ASCVD patients.