Thermo-rheological analysis of hybrid nanofluid flow between rotating stretching disks with variable porosity effects

This dynamic study reports thermo-rheological characteristics of an incompressible three-dimensional hybrid nanofluid flow between two rotating stretching disks. The working fluid contains nanometer sized particles of two different materials (Ag, TiO 2 ) uniformly suspended in water. The novelty of this model is unique amalgamation of variable porosity factor with Buongiorno’s theory incorporated in energy and concentration equations on Casson nanofluid flow, which has not been investigated so far by any researcher. The modeled PDEs governing the flow are converted to ODEs by appropriate transforms and then solved numerically using bvp4c. The outcomes reveal dual consequences on radial component of velocity and pressure distribution in boundary layer region. The tangential component declines for larger Lorentz force, variable porosity, Casson parameter, and Reynolds number. Temperature is found rising function of magnetic factor, thermal Biot number, and thermophoresis while concentration rises for higher Brownian motion factor, Schmidt number, Casson factor and variable porous factor. The most significant outcome of this study is that hybrid nanofluid increase thermal conductivity of base fluid by 16% accompanied by 23% increase in skin friction.