Investigation of performance, emission, and combustion details of compression ignition engine powered by antioxidant-doped ternary blends

To investigate performance, emission, and combustion details, the current research was fueled by a blend of isopentanol (IP), watermelon seed biodiesel (WSB), and diesel with antioxidant additives like clove oil (CO) or turmeric oil (TO) in a compression ignition engine operating under exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) conditions. The accuracy of the Adaptive Neuro-Fuzzy Inference System model is demonstrated by comparing the anticipated and experimental results. Multi-criteria decision-making techniques (Technique for Order of Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution (TOPSIS)-Entropy and Additive Ratio ASsessment (ARAS)-Entropy) are employed. The TOPSIS-Entropy and ARAS-Entropy approaches optimize performance, emission, and combustion response outcomes, resulting in WSB5IP15TO1500 as the optimal blend under EGR-20%. The TOPSIS-Entropy/ARAS-Entropy optimum blend WSB5IP15TO1500 in comparison to diesel data generated noteworthy levels of emission parameters like NOx (47.9% ↓), hydrocarbon (18.3% ↓), smoke (17.2% ↓), carbon monoxide (8.3% ↓), and CO 2 (0% =), combustion parameters like heat release rate (19.9% ↑) and peak cylinder pressure (1% ↓), and performance parameters like brake-specific energy consumption (5.9% ↓) and BTE (3.1% ↑). Results-wise, the blend WSB5IP15TO1500 performs better. The WSB5IP15TO1500 blend has proven to be an environmentally beneficial substitute for diesel due to its enhanced performance, reduced emissions, and better combustion.