Exploration of shape factor and mass suction role on heat transfer of ternary hybrid (ZrO ₂ , MoS ₂ , and GO) nanofluid flow in diverging channels with porous medium

In this study, we prepare an examination of the impact of ternary hybrid nanofluid, shape factors, Mass suction/injection, and porous medium on boundary layer ternary hybrid nanofluid flow in diverging channels, while considering the additional ternary hybrid nanoparticle (ZrO 2 , MoS 2 , and GO) and Polymer as the base liquid was utilized as a base fluid. The shape factors are considered in this study as spherical, tetrahedron, column, and lamina in the current scenario, with special reference to heat transfer optimization. The governing partial differential equations governing continuity and momentum are simplified into ODEs (Ordinary Differential Equations) through similarity transformations. Subsequently, they are examined analytically and numerically. The Duan-Rach approach (DRA) has been employed to obtain analytical results. The existing outcomes in particularized situations are compared to outcomes acquired by the Homotopy Analytical Method (HAM) platform and by the numerical procedure (Explicit Runge Kutta Method) for validation. The influences of effective factors such as the ternary hybrid nanofluid, injection/suction variable, porous medium parameter, and shape factors are examined on the rapidity and temperature profiles. Moreover, frictional factor and Nusselt numbers.