IDENTIFICATION OF CONSTRUCTION SAFETY RISKS FOR IRRIGATION NETWORK PROJECT BASED ON THE WORK BREAKDOWN STRUCTURE (WBS) TO IMPROVE CONSTRUCTION SAFETY PERFORMANCE

The construction sector in Indonesia faces a high risk of occupational accidents, particularly in irrigation network projects. This study develops a standardized Work Breakdown Structure (WBS) for irrigation projects to improve safety performance. The WBS standard, detailed into 177 activities across five levels, enables precise identification of safety risks during project planning. Utilizing expert validation through the Delphi Method, 708 risk variables were identified, with 25 dominant risks grouped into three main categories: heavy equipment-related accidents (material lifting failures and traffic collisions) and electric shocks. This framework enhances the implementation of preventive measures and aligns safety management systems with construction activities. Findings reveal that material lifting failures with mobile cranes, traffic-related heavy equipment accidents, and electric shocks are the most significant risks. Integrating WBS-based safety planning during pre-construction improves project safety performance, reduces costs, and enhances sustainability. This research highlights the critical need for comprehensive safety strategies tailored to irrigation projects.