Optimized Scheduling of Primary Frequency Regulation of Power Systems with Hydrogen Electrolysis Equipment

The growing penetration of renewable energy sources leads to a notable decline in system inertia and primary frequency response (PFR) reserves. This trend simultaneously escalating the risks of frequency instability due to power imbalances. However, electrolytic hydrogen plants with virtual synchronizer control can provide virtual inertia and PFR support. Therefore, Therefore, an optimal scheduling framework for power system primary frequency regulation, incorporating the capabilities of hydrogen electrolysis equipment is developed. Firstly, a primary frequency regulation model considering the frequency security constraints of hydrogen electrolysis equipment is established according to the system frequency stability requirements. Secondly, Monte Carlo sampling method is utilized to construct an uncertainty model for the prediction error of new energy output. Finally, a distributional robust optimization model for minimizing the operating cost is proposed. Case studies using the modified IEEE-9 test systems demonstrate the effectiveness of our model. The results show that the frequency support provided by the electrolytic hydrogen plant is effective in reducing the PFR requirement while enhancing the system operation stability.