Effect of different levels of effluent industrial carpet water on physical parameters of soil in Mungbean (Vigna radiata) crop

The fundamental physical characteristics of soil are determined using undisturbed soil samples. Steel cylinders with a fixed volume are typically used to collect the samples. The dry bulk density, or the mass to volume ratio of the dry soil sample with pores and caverns, is one of the primary findings that may be derived from the undisturbed soil sample. The same method can be used to calculate the bulk density of samples with varying moisture contents and levels of compaction. The examination of physical soil properties between 2016 and 2017 shows notable variations, especially in bulk density and particle density, which suggests that carpet water has a negative impact on soil moisture. These results highlight the necessity of more research on the long-term effects of carpet water on the functionality and health of soil.