Study of sepsis and its markers in renal failure patients on haemodialysis

Aim: The present study was conducted to study the presence of bacteremia, markers of sepsis and Inflammation in renal failure patients on hemodialysis. Materials and Methods: The present study was conducted on total of 200 patients of both sexes who were diagnosed as case of renal failure which include both acute kidney injury (AKI) and CKD on basis of clinical history, examination, biochemical markers and were advised for hemodialysis were included in the study. Results: In a study of 200 renal failure patients on haemodialysis, the mean age was 44.76±14.46 years, including 120 male patients. Out of 200 patients, 40 (20%) had positive blood and catheter tip culture and 160 (80%) had negative. Out of 40 sepsis patients 8 (20%) were 15-25, 8 (20%) were 26-35, 6 (15%) were 36-45, and 18 (45%) were above 45. All 40 (100%) patients exhibited fever with chills and rigour, 18 (45%) had redness and discomfort at the haemodialysis catheter site, 12 (30%) were confused, disoriented, or unconscious, and 8 (20%) had hypotension. None of 40 renal failure with sepsis patients had TLC less than 4.8/cumm (leucopenia), 10 (25%) had 4.8-10.8/cumm, and 30 (75%) had more than 10.8/cumm. 32 (80%) patients had positive blood cultures for S. aureus, E. coli, Acinectobacter, and Candida. From 40 renal failure patients on haemodialysis with sepsis 10 (25%) had internal jugular haemodialysis lines, 2 (5%) had subclavian lines, and 28 (70%) had femoral lines. Conclusion: In order to limit the number of infections that occur, it is important to exercise control over patients who require haemodialysis and who have risk variables that cannot be altered, such as age, gender, and other risk factors for infection.