Diode Laser Treatment for Buccal Mucosa Fibrolipoma in an Elderly Patient on Anticoagulants: Case Report and Literature Review

<b>Introduction:</b> Lipomas are benign neoplasms originating from mesenchymal soft tissue, primarily composed of mature adipocytes and surrounded by a fibrous capsule. While they are relatively common in the head and neck region, oral cavity involvement is rare. Fibrolipoma (FL) is a variant characterized by lobules of adipocytes with dense collagen bands. Its etiology remains uncertain and can occasionally be found in the buccal mucosa. Surgical excision is the gold standard for oral lipomas, and the prognosis is generally favorable. This case report describes the excision of a buccal mucosa FL in a 92-year-old patient undergoing anticoagulant therapy using a diode laser. <b>Methods:</b> A 92-year-old patient with a medical history of benign prostatic hyperplasia and hypertension, under anticoagulant therapy, presented with a painless buccal mucosa swelling. The growth affected both the superficial and submucosal layers. Surgical removal of the FL using a diode laser was performed. <b>Results:</b> The diode laser excision of the FL was carried out successfully, with immediate cauterization, eliminating the need for sutures or hemostatic agents. Histopathological examination confirmed the diagnosis of FL. Postoperative healing was uneventful at both 1- and 3-month follow-ups. <b>Conclusions:</b> Oral FLs are rare benign tumors primarily treated through surgical excision. In this case, the use of a diode laser provided effective hemostasis, minimal scarring, and rapid recovery, making it a suitable option for patients under anticoagulant therapy. While this report presents promising results, further cases with longer follow-up periods are needed to establish the effectiveness and safety of this technique. Laser technology continues to emerge as a valuable tool in oral pathology and surgery, offering minimally invasive alternatives to traditional approaches.