Afghan Refugee Entrepreneurs Facing Challenges: A Case Study of Peshawar, Pakistan

This study aims to explore the multifaceted challenges faced by Afghan refugee entrepreneurs in Peshawar, Pakistan. The research focuses on identifying key social, economic, political, legal, and cultural barriers that affect their entrepreneurial efforts and overall integration into the local economy.Using a qualitative case study approach, the research gathers and analyzes data from relevant literature, field observations, and interviews with Afghan refugee entrepreneurs in Peshawar. This method allows for an in-depth understanding of their lived experiences and coping mechanisms within a complex socio-political context.Findings reveal that Afghan refugee entrepreneurs encounter several systemicchallenges. Legal ambiguity and restrictive regulations hinder their ability to formalize and sustain businesses. Access to financial resources is limited, and many faces discriminatory practices in credit access and market entry. Cultural and language differences further complicate their integration into local business networks. Additionally, geopolitical tensions amplify their vulnerability, affecting both their stability and economic prospects. Despite these obstacles, many entrepreneurs exhibit resilience by relying on informal support networks and adapting strategies to sustain their ventures.The study underscores the urgent need for targeted policy interventions that support Afghan refugee entrepreneurs. Addressing legal, financial, and cultural barriers is essential for fostering inclusive economic participation and promoting social cohesion in host communities. Facilitating their integration not only benefits the refugees but also contributes to the broader development of local economies.