Study of Pollution of the River Ganga in the Mirzapur City (U.P. India)

The River originates from the nature phenomenon of Water Cycles. It Originated from Glaciers and along his journey water bodies along with Rainfall contribute its flow in river Ganga. Civilization developed along this tributary, as water is basic need of human survival and establishing his civilization. Ganga is a lifeline for millions in India, yet it faces severe pollution challenges due to industrial waste, domestic sewage, and religious activities. This study focuses on assessing the pollution levels of the Ganga in the Mirzapur district, analyzing its sources, and evaluating the effectiveness of current remedial measures. Water samples from different locations were tested for key parameters such as pH, dissolved oxygen, biochemical oxygen demand (BOD), and heavy metal and Total Coliform, which are group of bacteria’s which are mainly dissolved in water bodies from Human and Animal fecal are used as an indicator of potential fecal contamination in water bodies/river Ganga. Concentrations of pollutants define water quality of River Ganga. The quality of river water is essential for both ecological balance and human health, with biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) Government initiatives such as the Namami Gange program and local efforts, including sewage treatment plants (STPs) and community awareness programs, have been implemented to mitigate pollution. However, challenges such as inefficient waste management and illegal industrial discharge persist. This study highlights the need for stricter regulations, improved waste treatment facilities, and active community participation for effective river restoration. The findings contribute to policy recommendations aimed at sustainable conservation of the Ganga in the Mirzapur district. This study provides the current status of water quality of River Ganga in Mirzapur District of Uttar Pradesh State along with gap of treated sewage and efforts made by Governments and individual to clear River Ganga at Mirzapur Region of India.