Achieving the Sustainable Agricultural Development Goals by Adopting the New Energy Electric Agricultural Machinery: An Analysis of Opportunities and Challenges of China

New energy is a type of renewable energy that has the characteristics of protecting the environment and conserving energy. Agriculture is an industry that concerns the national economy and people’s livelihood. Agricultural mechanization is a key factor in achieving high-quality agricultural development. At present, China is the world’s largest producer and user of agricultural machinery. The use of traditional agricultural machinery powered mainly by internal combustion engines is currently the main source of carbon emissions in China’s agricultural production. How to achieve effective application and sustainable development of electric new energy technology in agricultural machinery is the primary issue facing China and countries around the world. This article takes the application and development status of electric new energy technology in agricultural machinery as the research object. Firstly, we provided an overview of China’s primary energy production and utilization as well as the national agricultural mechanization situation. Secondly, the research and application status of new energy electric agricultural machinery in China were elaborated on. Finally, some major challenges and opportunities faced by China’s development of new energy electric agricultural machinery were analyzed. We firmly believe that China’s active development of new energy technologies in agricultural machinery plays an important role and practical significance in building a community with a shared future for mankind, reducing carbon emissions from agricultural production, and achieving sustainable agricultural development goals.