Effect of Tabata Protocol on Resting Blood Lactate in Early Diagnosed Type 2 Diabetic Adults: A Preliminary Investigation

Background: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by insulin resistance, impaired glucose metabolism, and elevated resting blood lactate levels. High-intensity interval training (HIIT), particularly the Tabata protocol, has shown promise in improving metabolic and cardiorespiratory parameters in individuals with T2DM. However, evidence on its impact on resting blood lactate is limited. Objective: To evaluate the effect of a 12-week Tabata training intervention on resting blood lactate, BMI, and VO₂ max in early diagnosed adults with T2DM. Methodology: This pilot study included 20 participants with early diagnosed T2DM undergoing Tabata training alongside standard medication. BMI, VO₂ max, and resting blood lactate levels were measured at baseline and after 3 months. Paired t-tests were used to compare pre- and post-intervention values, with significance set at p < 0.05. Cohen’s d was calculated to determine effect size. Results: There was a significant reduction in BMI from 26.16 ± 1.37 to 25.55 ± 1.26 kg/m² (p = 0.0003, d = 0.69), and a significant increase in VO₂ max from 34.7 ± 2.32% to 39.05 ± 2.56% (p < 0.0001, d = 1.85). Resting blood lactate levels decreased significantly from 3.07 ± 0.44 mmol/L to 2.89 ± 0.45 mmol/L (p = 0.049, d = 0.40), indicating improved metabolic efficiency. Conclusion: The Tabata protocol appears to be an effective non-pharmacological adjunct to improve aerobic fitness and reduce resting blood lactate in adults with T2DM. These preliminary findings suggest potential metabolic benefits of incorporating Tabata training into diabetes management. Further studies with larger sample sizes and longer durations are warranted.