Analysis of the Genetic Mechanism of Yield-Related Traits of Maize in Cold Regions

Parent P1 contained more recessive genes in yield traits, but more dominant genes in number of grains per row, number of nodes, and ear position; P3 contained more dominant genes in yield and water content, but more recessive genes in number of nodes and ear position; P7 contained more recessive genes in most traits; and P9 contained more dominant genes in most traits. P9 and P6 represent excellent parental germplasm, among which the hybrid combinations P1 × P9, P2 × P5, P3 × P10, P4 × P6, P5 × P8, P6 × P9, P7 × P10, and P8 × P10 all show hybrid vigor exceeding that of their parents and have high breeding value.