Composición florística, diversidad y estructura arbórea en un bosque montano localizado en Oxapampa (Pasco, Perú)

Montane forests provide ecosystem services such as the conservation of a high diversity of wild flora and fauna, soil protection and water supply, and are ecosystems threatened by anthropogenic activities such as land use change. In the present investigation we analyzed the tree diversity, floristic composition and structure within a permanent plot of one hectare named Parcela Oxapampa Bosque Cumbre (P-OXA-02) in an area of montane cloud forest in the Central Forest of Peru. This plot was established at 2286 meters above sea level (masl) in an area of late secondary forest of the Centro de Capacitación en Conservación y Desarrollo Sostenible - CDS, Biological Station of the Centro Neotropical de Entrenamiento en Humedales - CNEH, province of Oxapampa, department of Pasco, Peru. Within the plot were evaluated all individuals of arboreal size with diameter at breast height (DBH) equal to or greater than 10 cm, where 584 arboreal individuals and a diversity of 72 species, 46 genera and 34 botanical families were recorded. The results indicated that the families with the highest species diversity were Lauraceae (13 species), Melastomataceae (9 species), Rubia- ceae (4 species) and Sapotaceae (4 species), while the genera with the highest species diversity were Ocotea, Miconia, Clusia, Ilex, Nectandra, Pouteria and Weinmannia. The species with the highest abundance of individuals and the highest Importance Value Index were Cyathea herzogii Rosenst., Sapium glandulosum (L.) Morong, Clusia elliptica Kunth and Clusia alata Planch. & Triana. The average DBH in plot P-OXA-02 was 15.94 cm and its total basal area was 12.91 m2. 89 % of the population of P-OXA-02 falls within the diameter classes ranging from 10 to 21.99 cm. Comparing our data with the literature, it is concluded that plot P-OXA-02 is a representative sample of a montane cloud forest due to the diversity of species and the floristic composition of genera and botanical families that it presents, in addition its diameter structure indicates that it is a growing forest.