Study On Drag Characteristics And Modeling Of Biomass Straw Particles In Suspension Flow Systems

Abstract The flow behavior of non-spherical particles in suspension systems is prevalent in various fields such as energy, chemical, and environmental engineering. However, existing particle force models are predominantly tailored to spherical or geometrically idealized particles, which limits their accuracy in capturing the hydrodynamic characteristics of biomass particles—such as cylindrical straw—in industrial applications. To address this gap, this study employed the immersed boundary method based particle-resolved direct numerical simulation (IBM-PR-DNS) to systematically investigate the drag behavior of cylindrical particles with an aspect ratio of Ar =2.5. The analysis covered a wide range of conditions, including Reynolds numbers up to 2000, solid volume fractions between 0.05 and 0.2, and incident angles from 0° to 90°. Based on the extensive DNS dataset, a novel drag correlation model was proposed, which comprehensively accounts for particle orientation effects. The developed model provides an accurate and reliable prediction tool for particle-fluid dynamics and is particularly suited for precise numerical simulations and process optimization in biomass combustion, boiler co-firing, and other industrial multiphase flow scenarios.