Complications and Reasons for Failure in Labor Induction in Pre-Eclampsia & Eclampsia: A Focus on Fetal Distress and Prolonged First Stage

Introduction: Fetal distress is a critical complication during labor induction, often leading to the need for emergency interventions and significantly impacting delivery outcomes. Additionally, prolonged stages of labor can complicate the induction process, further increasing the risks for both mother and baby. This study focuses on the complications and reasons for failure in labor induction among pre-eclamptic and eclamptic patients. Methods: This observational cross-sectional study was carried out in the Department of Gynaecology & Obstetrics at Dhaka Medical College Hospital, Dhaka, from July 2015 to December 2015. Patients of Preeclampsia and /or eclampsia who attended the Eclampsia Ward in the Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics at Dhaka Medical College & Hospital, Dhaka were taken as the study population as per inclusion criteria. A total number of 100 patients presented with pre-eclampsia and / or eclampsia fulfilled the selection criteria and were taken as study subjects by purposive sampling method. Different statistical methods were adopted for data analysis. Statistical analysis was performed by using Statistical Packages for Social Sciences (SPSS-19). Result: 20% of patients did not attend any ante-natal checkups, while 42% attended irregularly, and 38% maintained regular checkups. This lack of consistent ante-natal care may contribute to complications during labor, and 20% of patients experienced fetal distress. Among the reasons for induction failure, fetal distress was identified in 17% of cases, and 5% of patients faced prolonged first stage of labor. Conclusion: 20% of the patients experienced fetal distress, and it was identified as the primary reason for induction failure in 17% of cases. Additionally, 5% of patients experienced a prolonged first stage of labor, contributing to the overall failure of induction. These findings emphasize the need for careful monitoring and early intervention in labor induction for high-risk pregnancies to minimize complications such as fetal distress and prolonged labor.