Evaluation of Thermal Shock-Induced Thermoelastic Effects in FG Plates Used in Sports Equipment

This study investigates the thermal shock-induced thermoelastic effects in multi-directional functionally graded (MD-FG) rectangular plates, specifically designed for sport equipment applications. These plates exhibit non-homogeneous material properties, which vary both radially and angularly. The temperature-dependent behavior of the material is modeled using higher-order Touloukian functions, accounting for the intricate variation in thermal conductivity. The analysis is based on the first-order shear deformation plate theory, which provides an accurate representation of plate bending under thermal loads. The generalized Hamilton principle is employed to derive the governing equations of motion, which are then discretized using the Ritz method. The Chebyshev polynomial shape functions are adopted for spatial discretization, enhancing the efficiency of the solution process. Additionally, the transient thermal analysis is conducted using the Fourier heat conduction equation, which is solved using the Newmark-beta integration scheme. This approach provides a comprehensive framework for analyzing the thermoelastic behavior of MD-FG plates under thermal shock conditions, ensuring the accuracy of both the mechanical and thermal responses. The results of this study contribute to a deeper understanding of the performance of MD-FG materials in sport equipment applications, offering valuable insights into their design optimization for enhanced durability and efficiency in various sport-related scenarios. The findings pave the way for improved sports equipment design, especially under extreme thermal conditions.