The state sovereignty of the Russian Federation in the context of the transformation of the international legal order

The subject of this study is the state sovereignty of the Russian Federation in its modern constitutional-legal and international-legal dimensions, as well as the mechanisms for its protection and realization in the context of globalization, transnational pressure, sanction restrictions, and digital transformation. The focus of the research is on the legal foundations and mechanisms for the practical implementation of the political, economic, informational, and cyber independence of the Russian Federation as key components of state sovereignty. Special attention is given to the assessment of regulatory legal instruments aimed at ensuring the resilience of the internal governance system and protection against external pressure. Additionally, the participation of Russia in international treaties, organizations, and institutional legal regimes is analyzed, including the legal consequences of integration into intergovernmental associations, as well as the limits of permissible interaction with supranational structures from the standpoint of preserving the sovereign status of the state. The study explores the limits of permissible integration into the international system in terms of maintaining sovereignty, the legal nature of the selective approach to international obligations, and the internal doctrine of prioritizing national interests over supranational norms and institutions. The research applies comprehensive and interdisciplinary approaches, including methods of comparative jurisprudence, formal-legal analysis, systemic analysis of regulatory legal acts, as well as political-legal modeling of contemporary mechanisms for protecting state sovereignty. The scientific novelty of this study lies in a comprehensive legal assessment of the sovereignty of the Russian Federation through the lens of modern global challenges, including geopolitical instability, sanction pressure, transnational interference, and technological risks of the digital age. Sovereignty is considered not only as a constitutionally enshrined category but also as a dynamic phenomenon, realized through the political, economic, informational, and cyber independence of the state. For the first time in scientific discourse, the concept of “selective sovereignty” is systematically substantiated as a model of selective participation of the Russian Federation in international obligations while maintaining the supremacy of the Constitution. It is concluded that traditional approaches to interaction with international institutions and legal regimes are transforming in favor of a pragmatic foreign policy doctrine. The necessity of developing legal adaptation mechanisms to new realities is emphasized, including strengthening national regulators in digital, monetary, and informational spheres, developing public diplomacy, and legally enshrining technological self-sufficiency as an element of sustainable sovereignty.