Creation of a Virtual Laboratory for Collision Dynamics Educational Tool with Integrated Collision Algorithm

Conventional physics laboratories often suffer from limitations in terms of equipment availability and safety, which hinders optimal learning of collision dynamics concepts. This research aims to develop a virtual laboratory based on collision algorithm to simulate perfect collision as an alternative solution in physics learning. The development uses the ADDIE model, which includes the stages of analysis, design, development, implementation, and evaluation. The collision algorithm was implemented using ActionScript 3, with interpolation allowing for more accurate collision detection at high speeds. The validation results show that the simulation is in line with the law of conservation of momentum and kinetic energy and is consistent with analytical solutions from MATLAB and Python. Functionality testing was conducted by 20 students, and the results showed that the use of this virtual laboratory significantly improved their concept understanding, with the average improvement ranging from 24% to 56%. Students also reported that this virtual laboratory is more interactive and interesting, thus increasing their learning motivation. The conclusion of this study is that the collision algorithm-based virtual laboratory is effective as a physics learning media and can be adopted more widely in technology-based education, especially to understand complex physics concepts more deeply.