EFFECT OF BODY WEIGHT ON VITAMIN D LEVELS IN WOMEN WITH PREMENSTRUAL SYNDROME

Background: Vitamin D deficiency and higher body weight may contribute to severity of Premenstrual Syndrome (PMS) through hormonal and inflammatory pathways. Objectives of this study were to investigate the relationship between vitamin D levels and body weight in women experiencing PMS. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in the Gynaecology Department in collaboration with the Physiology Department, at Isra University Hospital Isra University, Hyderabad, from May to Oct 2023. A total of 200 women aged 15–45 years with a history of PMS were included in the study after consent. Demographic data, age, height were recorded and BMI was calculated, and serum vitamin D3 levels were assessed. The PMS scale was used to determine symptom severity (mild, moderate, and severe). Data were analysed using SPSS-23. Results: The mean age of participants was 28.97±6.49 years. Among them, 59% had vitamin D deficiency, while only 4.5% had sufficient levels of vitamin D. A significant inverse association was observed between vitamin D levels and BMI (p<0.05). Obese participants were more likely to have vitamin D deficiency, and 35% of those with severe PMS symptoms had deficient vitamin D levels. Pearson correlation analysis revealed a slight negative association between vitamin D levels and BMI (r= -0.427, p<0.001) and between PMS severity and vitamin D levels (r= -0.41, p<0.001). Conclusion: Vitamin D levels are inversely correlated to BMI and PMS severity suggesting that vitamin D deficiency may contribute to both obesity and worsening PMS symptoms. Pak J Physiol 2025;21(2):3-6, DOI: https://doi.org/10.69656/pjp.v21i2.1657