Multifunctional Micro/Nano‐Scale Nonwoven With Antibacterial Properties for Efficient Capture of <scp>PM_0.3</scp>

ABSTRACT This study innovatively used polyethylene glycol (PEG) as a multifunctional modifier to prepare nano‐zinc oxide and polyhexamethylene guanidine hydrochloride (Nano ZnO/PHMG) hybrid melt‐blown antibacterial composite materials by twin‐screw blending. PEG overcame traditional additives' single‐function limitation, achieving dual structural regulation and antibacterial enhancement. PEG rheological properties were modulated to produce multistage fiber structures, improving filtration performance, while simultaneously optimizing antibacterial component distribution through its water solubility. Systematic experiments revealed how PEG‐regulated local viscosity affected multistage fiber formation and pore distribution, directly impacting filtration performance. At 12% PEG loading (ABA‐PP‐12PEG), optimal comprehensive performance was demonstrated: 77.45% filtration efficiency (153.5% increased) with 34.0% lower resistance (11.28 Pa). Post‐treatment further enhanced performance to 80.06% efficiency and 10.68 Pa resistance. Antibacterial rates surged 6.7‐fold from 1.78 to 12.01.