Cimentos biocerâmicos na Endodontia contemporânea: fundamentos e perspectivas

Bioceramic cements represent one of the main innovations in contemporary endodontics, standing out for their superior physicochemical and biological properties. This article aims to discuss the evolution of these materials, their clinical applications, advantages, and limitations in comparison to traditional obturation cements, such as epoxy-based and MTA-based cements. Topics such as biocompatibility, bioactivity, apical sealing, mechanical strength, dimensional stability, and clinical performance in different contexts are addressed. The literature review highlights significant benefits of bioceramic cements, such as better tissue response, adaptation to dentinal walls, regenerative potential, and ease of use in procedures like obturation, perforation sealing, resorption, and periradicular surgeries. However, challenges such as difficulty of removal during retreatments and heterogeneity among commercial formulations still limit their universal adoption. It is concluded that bioceramic cements have the potential to become the materials of choice in endodontic practice, provided that their indication is based on well-established clinical criteria. Future advances may include personalized bioactive formulations and integration with digital technologies, further expanding their applicability in regenerative therapies.